Morte e reincidência juvenil na pós-medida de internação na Bahia: contribuições para redução do arbítrio profissional na avaliação interdisciplinar

Abstract

The rate of intentional violent deaths in the post-internment period in Bahia was previously investigated, and in particular, the rate of deaths per internment unit and depending on the time of release. From there, the juvenile recidivism rate in the post-internment period in Bahia was investigated from several perspectives. In the study on the implementation of juvenile measures, the following gap was reached: the vast professional discretion in formulating the interdisciplinary assessment with individuals submitted to them. It is in the interdisciplinary assessment that the factors permeated by the individual are expected to be diagnosed and used for planning goals. In this context, the following research problem was defined: Which risk factors permeated by individuals discharged from juvenile units in closed environments in Bahia are associated with recidivism? To answer the research question, the general objective was to analyze, through a retrospective observational study, the association between eight risk factors extracted from the interdisciplinary evaluations of 265 inmates released in 2018 from juvenile detention facilities in Bahia and recidivism. To this end, we drew on the theoretical contributions of James Bonta, Donald Andrews, and Robert Hoge, criminologists in the field of psychology dedicated to the rehabilitation of young offenders. First, juvenile recidivism was measured by gender, by detention facility, over time, and by the type of new charges. In dialogue with the theoretical framework, the statistical test showed an association between criminal history and recidivism, as well as illiteracy and recidivism. On the other hand, the statistical test showed no association between a long history of school dropout and recidivism. Although there was no statistical test to determine the association between the other risk factors and recidivism, the results found in this study demonstrate, in some way, the degree of relationship between the factors “type of offense”, “length of incarceration”, “sex”, “family income”, “type and frequency of drug use” and recidivism. This study contributes to the reflection on the importance of structuring interdisciplinary assessment and, consequently, reducing the vast professional discretion that still dominates the field of assessment of individuals subject to juvenile measures in Brazil.