A lei de queda tendencial da taxa de lucro como fundamento da transição do desenvolvimentismo ao neoliberalismo na economia brasileira

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the Law of the Tendency of the Rate of Profit to Fall (LTRPF) as a theoretical foundation to understand the paradigmatic shift in the Brazilian economy, marked by the transition from developmentalism to neoliberalism, which occurred from the late 1980s to the 1990s. Based on Marxist Political Economy (MPE), the study explores how the reversal of the long-term trend in the rate of profit influenced this historical process. The research highlights that the profitability crisis, associated with the exhaustion of developmentalist policies, led to the adoption of a neoliberal model characterized by profound structural changes in the Brazilian economy. Through theoretical and empirical analyses, the implications of this shift for the dynamics of capitalism in the country are discussed, revealing how the inherent contradictions of capitalism shaped the transition between these two economic paradigms.