Restauração e reabilitação arquitetônica do sobrado nº182 da Rua 14 de Julho do Centro Histórico de São Luís - MA

Abstract

The acknowledgment of historic, artistic and architectural qualities of a property has not been enough for part of population to impose a moral imperative, even with the listing of this property as a State, Federal or world heritage. The absence of this regular concept commonly found in conservation theory obligates the application of invasive techniques which results in loss of materiality authenticity. The subject presented in this paper is the urban loft number 182, located on 14 de Julho street, São Luís, Brazil, traced by Francisco Frias de Mesquita, major engineer of Portuguese Empire in 1615. This paper means to show the application of most recognized methodologies and concepts of restauration science with the support of Cesare Brandi’s theory. This loft is a significant example of 19th Century architectonics with Portuguese-Brazilian characteristics of São Luís city. The restauration and architectonic project mean to regret the current degradation status and adapt the present rooms to a new usage, minimalizing the impacts over its original foundations. The methodoly of this project worked with the following stages: acknowledgement of the Loft number 182, contextualizing this architectonic object in the São Luís urban spacing; phisio-architectonic register; photographic survey; historical research; damage mapping; laboratory and physical environment analysis; diagnosis and proposal of restauration and rehabilitation for institutional use. The proposal presented in this paper integrates the guidelines for the intervention and elaboration of preventive conservation and complementary projects.