Planos multirriscos para o enfrentamento e resposta às emergências em saúde pública: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Public Health Emergencies (PHE) are situations that demand the urgent use of measures for the prevention, control and containment of risks, damages, and harms to public health, which can occur in different contexts, usually accompanied by multi-risk scenarios, which demand planning and execution of intra and intersectorial actions for its real confrontation. The study aims to review the literature to learn about the instruments used in structuring multi-risk plans to mitigate and respond to PHE. This is a scoping review developed based on the protocol and recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The strategies used to search for studies led to the capture of 72 articles, using the terms “emergencies” or/and “disasters” or/and “Public health” or/and “Multi-risk plans”. After reading the studies, 07 were kept for review. Scientific articles published between January 2006 and February 2023 were included. Review articles and studies that did not aim to conceptualize, present methods, or discuss plans to respond to ESP, contemplating multi-risks, were excluded. The results showed that the instruments used in the structuring of multi-risk plans to face and respond to PHE still have limitations and demand greater intra and intersectoral dialogue, in addition to greater governance on the subject. Delphi was the most appropriate instrument to help structure multi-risk plans to face and respond to PHE, as it presents an intersectoral approach that includes multi-risks, is easy to apply and has low costs to put it into practice. It is hoped that this study will be a precursor of systematic reviews that can demonstrate the effectiveness of using these methods.