Perfil microbiológico dos pés diabéticos infectados em um hospital público de Salvador – Bahia

Abstract

MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF DIABETIC FEET INFECTED IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OF SALVADOR - BAHIA. Diabetic foot is one of the complications of greater impact in the carriers’ life of Diabetes Mellitus. Ulcerations in the feet are predisposing factors to infections, and have a great association with lower extremity amputations. Identifying microbial agents and using an appropriate antibiotic therapy are essential for therapeutic success. Objective: To identify the sociodemographic profile and the infectious agents present in Diabetic Foot Infections in a Public Hospital of Bahia, in the years 2014 and 2015. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional, about the microbiological profile of diabetic feet infected from a hospital. Data were collected from records of bacterial cultures, following pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sociodemographic and specific variables were analyzed. Results: Of the 61 patients analyzed, 34 were male and 27 female, with an average age of 67.8 years. Eighty-six cultures were cultured, of which 57 were derived from tendon fragments, and 29 from bone fragments. A total of 105 bacteria from 24 different species was isolated, 72% Gram-negative and 28% Gram-positive. The vast majority (79%) of the cultures had a monomicrobial character. The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most prevalent, being present in 20% of the data collected, followed by Enterococcus faecalis (13%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (12%). Discussion: National and international studies show differences in the microbiological profile of the diabetic foot, possibly due to the different methodologies, severity of cases and patient follow-up. Conclusions: Infections were more prevalent in the elderly between 60-70 years old. Gram-negative bacteria prevailed in the cultures, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most frequent. It was not possible to evaluate the role of anaerobic bacteria in diabetic foot infections.