Uso de vitamina D no tratamento da asma: revisão sistemática

Abstract

USE OF VITAMIN D IN THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with airflow obstruction due to bronchospasm and edema. Pharmacological treatment mainly consists of the use of inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators. Some recent studies suggest a possible association between asthma and vitamin D deficiency. Objective: To evaluate possible benefits of vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive treatment for asthma. Methodology: Systematic review of the literature available in PUBMED / MEDLINE, LILACS, SCIELO and COCHRANE / BIREME databases. Results: 7 articles were included. In 5 of these, there was vitamin D supplementation, varying in corticosteroid use. A single study demonstrated better control of disease and lung function with vitamin D supplementation versus 2 studies that did not show any differences; 2 of these studies demonstrated some immunological benefit against one study that demonstrated that there was no such difference. However, 2 studies did not do cholecalciferol supplementation and, based on the evaluation of serum levels, concluded that there is an improvement in pulmonary function to higher serum levels of vitamin D, while one of the studies has shown that there is still no benefit to the immune function. Discussion: The studies are divergent regarding the evaluated outcomes and results found. In addition, there is a lack of standardization for vitamin D supplementation and corticosteroid treatment. Conclusion: It can not be concluded that there is an improvement in the control of bronchial asthma, pulmonary function and the immune response of patients when supplementing with vitamin D, with or without corticosteroid, although scarce but relevant studies have shown improvement in pulmonary function and lower airway hyperreactivity with increased serum vitamin D levels in asthma patients.