https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ufba/513 2026-04-17T10:28:22Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44108 Título: Atividade de nanopartículas de prata biogênicas sobre Staphylococcus spp. isolados de animais Autor(es): Araujo, Monique Gonzaga de Primeiro Orientador: Portela, Ricardo Wagner Dias Abstract: The genus Staphylococcus comprises bacteria widely distributed in humans and animals, including species capable of causing opportunistic infections and exhibiting significant resistance to antimicrobial agents. In veterinary settings, these bacteria are particularly relevant due to the close contact between domestic animals and humans, which favors cross transmission and selects for multidrug-resistant strains. In this scenario, there is a growing need to investigate therapeutic alternatives that can overcome the loss of efficacy of conventional antibiotics. Among the most promising strategies are metallic nanoparticles, especially biogenic silver nanoparticles (bioAgNPs), whose synthesis mediated by plant extracts proves to be sustainable and capable of generating stable, reactive particles with recognized antimicrobial potential. Therefore, this study aimed to identify Staphylococcus spp. isolates from animals and to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of bioAgNPs synthesized from the aqueous extract of Trichilia catigua bark. Initially, microorganisms were isolated and identified by MALDI-TOF MS mass spectrometry. Subsequently, susceptibility testing to commercial antimicrobials was performed using the disk diffusion method. Following this, the antimicrobial activity of the bioAgNPs was investigated by broth microdilution. Finally, the action of the bioAgNPs on the initial formation and mature biofilm of the bacteria was evaluated. The isolates showed a broad spectrum of resistance to conventional antibiotics, with resistance to β lactams being particularly noteworthy. In the microdilution tests, it was observed that all species were inhibited by microconcentrations of bioAgNPs, with MIC₁₀₀ values ranging from 3.37 to 6.74 µg/mL. The MBC₁₀₀ values were equal to or up to twice the MIC values, demonstrating the bactericidal nature of the nanoparticles. BioAgNPs significantly reduced the biomass of initial and mature biofilms, although without promoting complete eradication. Thus, the results demonstrate that bioAgNPs synthesized from T. catigua represent a promising and efficient approach for controlling multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus spp., including emerging species of veterinary relevance and zoonotic potential. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-12-15T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44066 Título: Análise clínica, morfológica, topográfica e química de mineralizações pulpares Autor(es): Fernandes, Marcos Vinicius Cook Primeiro Orientador: Martins, Gabriela Botelho Abstract: Introduction: pulp mineralizations are structures formed by hard tissue, located within the pulp tissue, and derived from a tissue alteration process that predisposes to the deposition of calcium phosphate salts. The literature suggests that long-duration, low-intensity pathological stimuli are the main etiological factors of mineralizations in the pulp tissue. Objective: to analyze the clinical aspects, morphological, topographic, and chemical patterns of pulp mineralizations. Material and methods: the research used 44 pulp mineralizations from teeth requiring endodontic treatment in a Polish population. Clinical data from the patients were collected, and the pulp mineralizations were removed after access surgery to the pulp chamber. Computational microtomography was used for morphological and topographic evaluation of the structures, and Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze and characterize the chemical composition of the sample, in terms of mineral-to-matrix ratio and carbonate content. Results: Clinical data revealed that pulp mineralizations, in the studied sample, occurred more frequently in women, in the maxilla, on the left side of the face, and in molars, especially the first molars, consistent with the literature. The most affected age group comprised patients between 19 and 59 years old. The location in the pulp cavity correlated with the morphology of the mineralizations, but not with the topography. The most prevalent morphological aspect was irregular, while the predominant topography was mixed. There was no statistical difference in the mineral/matrix ratio between the morphological types; however, irregular nodules presented a higher carbonate content, with a statistically significant difference compared to the other morphological types. In terms of topography, smooth and compact nodules presented a higher mineral-to-matrix ratio, indicating a more mineralized structure, with a statistically significant difference compared to the other types; however, the carbonate content did not differ between the topographic types. Conclusion: in the studied sample, pulp mineralizations occurred predominantly in the first left upper molars of adult women. Irregular nodules were the most prevalent morphological types, especially in the pulp chamber, while cylindrical morphology was predominant in the root canal. Irregular mineralizations had a higher carbonate content, indicating a less developed mineralization process. Smooth and compact mineralizations were more mineralized than the other topographic types. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese 2025-12-16T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44004 Título: Replicação da associação do rs79882996 no gene RANK com periodontite e análise epidemiológica endodôntica, com suporte da inteligência artificial, em uma mesma população Autor(es): Oliveira, Francine Vilma Primeiro Orientador: Carletto, Tatiane de Oliveira Teixeira Muniz Abstract: Introduction: Periodontitis and apical periodontitis are multifactorial inflammatory diseases that result in bone resorption. In periodontitis, there is the destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Environmental, behavioral, and especially genetic factors can influence its susceptibility and progression. Among the genes studied, RANK has stood out for its role in regulating bone remodeling. In apical periodontitis, there is resorption of periapical bone tissue, associated with infection and treated through endodontic therapy. Due to its frequently asymptomatic nature, screening by radiographs is essential, together with the analysis of the epidemiological profile of the population. In this scenario, artificial intelligence stands out as a promising tool in aiding diagnosis. Objective: To investigate genetic factors associated with periodontitis and epidemiological factors related to apical periodontitis and endodontic treatments in the same population. Material and Methods: The study included 527 adult individuals living in the Recôncavo Baiano, Bahia State, Brazil. Genotyping of rs79882996 was performed on 323 blood samples, using the GoTaq® Probe qPCR Master Mix kit (Promega) and TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assays (Thermo Scientific™) probe, in a QuantStudio™ 12K Flex equipment (Applied Biosystems). Association analysis was conducted using the Plink 1.9 software, using multivariate logistic regression, with adjustment for age. Panoramic radiographs of all participants were analyzed to identify periapical lesions, endodontic treatment, or tooth absence, using the consensus of two experts and the AI software (DIO platform). A descriptive analysis of the population was performed and the diagnostic accuracy of the AI was evaluated using the parameters of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, Receiver Operating Characteristic curves, and area under the curve. Results: rs79882996, located in the RANK gene, showed a significant association with periodontitis. In the additive model, each additional T allele was associated with a 64% increase in the chance of occurrence of periodontitis, while in the dominant model the presence of at least one T allele was associated with a 69% increase in the chance of developing the disease. The prevalence of periapical lesions was 30.85% and of endodontic treatments, 16.13%. The presence of these lesions was associated with worse oral health conditions. On the other hand, endodontic treatment was significantly related to higher education, higher income, previous guidance on oral hygiene, and flossing. In the diagnosis of periapical lesions, the area under the curve was 0.661 (95% CI = 0.606 – 0715), indicating low diagnostic accuracy on the part of AI; The sensitivity was 31.4%, the specificity 90.1%, the positive predictive value was 58.54%, while the negative predictive value reached 74.69%. AI showed high agreement with specialists in the identification of teeth with endodontic treatment (85.8%) and moderate agreement in the detection of periapical lesions (58.7%). Conclusion: This study reinforced the role of the RANK gene in periodontitis and highlighted its potential as a target for future therapies. In addition, this study showed the vulnerability of a population with limited access to dental treatment. AI has shown potential in tracking population oral health, but it still requires improvement, especially in the identification of periapical lesions. Editora / Evento / Instituição: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA Tipo: Tese 2025-12-09T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43990 Título: Análise comparativa do perfil imunológico e bioquímico entre pacientes com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica e pacientes com Espirometria com Comprometimento da Relação Preservada (PRISm) Autor(es): Braz, Leticia Helen Dias Primeiro Orientador: Baccan, Gyselle Chrystina Abstract: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm) are pulmonary conditions that share common factors. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms differentiating these entities remain poorly understood. This study aimed to compare the immunological and biochemical profiles of patients with COPD and PRISm and to analyze the correlation of these biomarkers with anthropometric parameters in each group. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted involving 72 patients aged 50-80 years. Serum cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, TNF), biochemical markers (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glucose, glycated hemoglobin), and anthropometric measurements (waist circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, mid upper arm circumference) were assessed. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups regarding cytokine or biochemical levels. However, in COPD patients, abdominal circumference correlated positively with IL-6 levels (r = 0.565; p < 0.05), while triceps skinfold thickness showed a significant inverse correlation with IL-10 (r = – 0.427; p < 0.05). In PRISm patients, glucose levels were positively correlated with mid upper arm circumference (r = 0.574; p < 0.05) and body mass index (r = 0.567; p < 0.05). Although COPD and PRISm patients exhibited similar inflammatory and biochemical profiles, our analysis of correlations with body composition parameters showed distinct associations. The presents findings underscore the importance of individualized clinical management for each patient group. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação 2026-12-03T00:00:00Z