https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/19031 2026-04-17T03:14:14Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43473 Título: Uso da pimenta encapsulada em novilhos nelore em pastejo submetidos a diferentes níveis de suplementação Autor(es): Miranda, Ana Paula Gonçalves Ferreira Primeiro Orientador: Freitas Júnior, José Esler de Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of energy and encapsulated pepper (ENP) supplementation on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal modification, nitrogen and energy balance, and physiological parameters of steers grazing on pasture. Six Nellore steers weighing 313 ± 31 kg (mean ± SD) (with silicone cannulas in the rumen, Kehl®) were distributed in a 3 × 3 double Latin square design, in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (three levels of energy supplementation × two levels of ENP with periods of 21 days each, with the first 14 days for adaptation and the remaining days for current data collection, on Pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) pasture, in a continuous pasture. The animals were randomly assigned to the following treatments maintaining the same amount of protein and varying the energy concentration: 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45% of body weight (BW) of protein/energy supplementation without encapsulated pepper and 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45% BW of supplementation with the same amount of protein and encapsulated pepper (450 mg/animal/day of CAPCIN®, NutriQuest, Campinas, Brazil). The inclusion of PEN did not affect the intake of dry matter and nutrients, however, with increasing supplementation levels, there was an increase in the intake of non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) (P < 0.001) and in the digestibility of NFC (P = 0.008). There was an increase in propionate concentration (P<0.001), a reduction in the C2:C3 ratio (P=0.044) and a reduction in the methane (CH4) estimate (P=0.018), without changing the pH and a reduction in ruminal concentrations of ammonia toxicity (N-NH₃) with increasing supplementation levels, regardless of the addition of PEN (P = 0.001). Among the blood metabolites, a trend towards an increase in serum glucose (P=0.083) and creatinine (P=0.075) levels was observed, in addition to a trend towards a reduction in gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (P=0.067). Heart rate increased in animals receiving PEN (P=0.012). The levels of 0.30% and 0.45% with PEN promote greater total chewing time and shorter idle time. It is concluded that PEN supplementation, especially at levels of 0.30% and 0.45% of BW, is a promising strategy for cattle raised on pasture, generating benefits in rumen modification, physiological safety, hematological parameters, and ingestive behavior in thermal systems. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação 2025-07-16T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43381 Título: Suplementação do cromo para modulação energética em dietas de terminação para tilapias do nilo (oreochromis niloticus) Autor(es): Souza, Gilma Rodrigues de Primeiro Orientador: Vidal, Luiz Vítor Oliveira Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the isolated effects and the interaction between different levels of dietary energy and supplementation with chromium chelated to methionine (Cr-met, Availa®Cr) on the productive performance, hematological and biochemical parameters, and carcass characteristics of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in a cage culture system. Four diets were tested: two controls (3.100 and 3.300 kcal/kg, without Cr-met) and two supplemented with Availa®Cr at the same energy levels. The experiment lasted 140 days. Isolated supplementation with Cr-met increased survival rate but did not affect zootechnical parameters. Energy levels, evaluated separately, also did not influence productive performance. However, in the interaction, the best zootechnical performance was observed in the Control 3.100 kcal/kg diet, while the Control 3.300 kcal/kg treatment showed reduced biomass gain. Regarding carcass composition, Cr-met supplementation reduced mineral matter and phosphorus contents. Hepatic glycogen was higher in fish fed the Control 3.300 kcal/kg diet. Among enzymes, lower hepatic AST activity was observed in the Availa®Cr 3.300 treatment, and lower muscular ALT activity in the Control 3.100 group, while both enzymes showed higher activity in Availa®Cr 3.100. For hematological parameters, the isolated Control 3.300 kcal/kg diet promoted higher hemoglobin and MCHC values and lower MCV and MCH. Cr-met supplementation increased MCV and MCH but reduced RBC. In the interaction, the highest MCV and MCH and the lowest RBC occurred in the Availa®Cr 3,100 treatment. In the biochemical profile, the isolated Control 3.300 diet increased total plasma protein, while Cr-met increased plasma protein and glucose. In the interaction, triglycerides were higher in the Control 3.100 and Availa®Cr 3.300 treatments. Therefore, the Availa®Cr 3.300 diet improved protein metabolism and increased amino acid availability for protein synthesis, without compromising growth performance. Based on these results, the use of Availa®Cr 3.300 is recommended in Nile tilápia diets to enhance productive performance, metabolic health, and survival rate in intensive systems. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação 2025-10-10T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43371 Título: Panorama da aquicultura familiar na região do baixo São Francisco, Sergipe Autor(es): Franco, Isabelle Primeiro Orientador: Albinati, Ricardo Castelo Branco Abstract: This study aimed to characterize aquaculture in family farming in the Lower São Francisco Sergipe, analyzing production systems, family income and socio- environmental aspects. The work was done in the municipalities belonging to the Lower São Francisco Sergipe (Propriá, Pacatuba, Brejo Grande and Ilha das Flores). The production data were obtained from a field survey through semi-structured interviews allowing the identification of variations in family farmers profiles and productive aquaculture systems in the municipalities studied, systematize information on revenues generated in the research production units and economic analysis of production systems that are directly involved with the agents, inside and outside of the productive unit, but also study the socio-environmental aspects of the activities developed in the selected screen area. Family farmers were identified as: exclusive family fish farmer, family fish farmer pluriactive with artisanal fishing, family fish farmer pluriactive with agriculture, family fish farmer pluriactive with pension, family fish farmer pluriactive with salary and pluriactive family fish farmer with commerce. In Propriá and Brejo Grande, fish farmers use excavated nursery grounds for fish and marine shrimp, respectively. In Pacatuba natural lagoons are used for fish farming extensively. In Ilha das Flores, the tank-net system has been promoted by local associations, which work in informal cooperative arrangements. The detailed characterization of profiles of family farmers and aquaculture production systems provided obtain a set of important information to the proper planning of future development actions and strengthening this important sector of the family economy in the state of Sergipe, because each system has its distinctive features. Because of the peculiarities of each family system, the results of the economic analysis showed that the aquaculture activity in the region appears to be profitable, however, it was noted that for the achievement of making viable as the only aquaculture economic activity of a family in the area, there must be improvements in various industries. In Propriá, products from the activity are released directly into the river without any treatment, impacting the aquatic environment. In the municipality of Brejo Grande, the predominant ecosystem is the mangrove, this is used for shrimp farming. Most Pacatuba properties develop aquaculture in ponds next to the dunes, 4 where the main impact of aquaculture in the study area is the introduction of exotic species, such as the tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. In Flores Island, the waste generated from aquaculture are released directly into the environment, increasing the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the river water, facilitating the growth of organisms. It is important to have a knowledge of ecosystems to deal with environmental issues with local communities, government and research institutions in order to seek sustainable solutions to the economic use of these ecosystems. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Tese 2016-03-22T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43357 Título: Efeitos da administração oral de esferas de alginato com extrato de folhas de moringa oleifera nas repostas bioquímicas e de desempenho de juvenis de carpa colorida (cyprinus carpio). Autor(es): Santos, Aline dos Anjos Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Rodrigo Fortes da Abstract: The research aimed to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) in the feeding of colored carp (Cyprinus carpio), in the form of spheres and included in the diet. The spheres are obtained from the encapsulation technique that consists of adding the MLE to the sodium alginate, this solution is added in drops to the calcium chloride, after this series, the MLE spheres are formed. 96 juveniles of colored carp were used, with 25.87 (± 4.97) g. Juveniles were equally distributed in 16 aquariums in recirculation systems. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four treatments and four repetitions. The different diets during the experimental period were: basal diet (T1); diet with inclusion of 20 mL of MLE (T2); basal diet and spheres with 20 mL of MLE (T3); basal diet and spheres with MLE 0 mL of MLE (T4), lasting 60 days. On the last day, biometry and blood samples were obtained for performance indices and hematological and biochemical parameters in the animals before and after the stress challenge, which was exposure to air and lasted 300 seconds. The supplementation with MLE did not affect the consumption of diets, whether with or without alginate spheres, not affecting the performance indices and body composition of the fish. The T3 group showed a significant increase (p≤0.05) in the plasma albumin level in the period before the stress. The MLE had a significant influence (p≤0.05) in the increase in total cholesterol and aminotransferase enzyme (AST) after the stress of exposure to air in the T3 group, in relation to T1 and T4, the other parameters, alanine aminotransferase enzyme (ALT), glucose, total protein, albumin, triglycerides, HDL and LDL showed no significant difference in any of the steps. In conclusion, the use of moringa leaf extract did not affect the performance and proximate composition of the carcass and had adverse effects on the biochemical parameters of carp. Editora / Evento / Instituição: Universidade Federal da Bahia Tipo: Dissertação 2022-08-04T00:00:00Z