Predição de descontinuidades utilizando filtragem espacial e temporal - aplicação em dado sísmico 3D do Alto de Cabo Frio

Abstract

The detection of discontinuities has been highlighted in recent years due to the improvement in the quality of seismic data, thus contributing to the improvement in the interpretation of available data from oil and gas reservoirs. This work presents a methodology for detecting discontinuities in post-stack 3D seismic volumes that is divided into three steps: (i) spatial filtering is applied (inline x direction followed by crossline y direction) to attenuate horizontal and sub-horizontal events (dominantly associated with reflections in the layers), thus enhancing vertical and sub-vertical structures; (ii) then, the Hilbert filter is used, for each dimension of the volume, and the amplitude of the complex volume is obtained, and finally, (iii) a phase rotation is performed for each direction of the complex volume, placing highlighting the fractures and flaws of the original volume. We illustrate the application of the new methodology in a 2D synthetic seismic data and in the PSTM 3D seismic data of the Alto de Cabo Frio area located between the Santos and Campos Basins.The results obtained demonstrate the applicability of the new methodology in the mapping of structural discontinuities in 3D seismic volumes, thus being able to assist in the delimitation of hydrocarbon reservoirs.